Linux Ocean

Monday, January 12, 2026

Sudo file using Ansible

Manual sudo configuration is risky and hard to maintain at scale.

With Ansible, sudo rules can be managed safely and consistently, reducing the chance of lockouts and privilege misconfigurations.

---
- name: Manage sudo configuration using Ansible
hosts: all
become: yes
tasks:
- name: Configure sudo access for devops group
copy:
dest: /etc/sudoers.d/devops
content: "%devops ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: ALL"
owner: root
group: root
mode: '0440'
validate: '/usr/sbin/visudo -cf %s'

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Wednesday, September 3, 2025

Debian 13 course outline for essentials

Day 1 – OS Administration Basics

Introduction to Debian ecosystem (releases, repositories, package management philosophy)
Installation and initial configuration of Debian OS
Understanding Linux filesystem hierarchy (FHS)
User and group management (adduser, usermod, passwd, /etc/passwd)
Permissions and ownership (chmod, chown, umask)
Process management (ps, top, kill, systemctl)
Hands-on Lab: Create and manage users, control processes, service management
Day 2 – Disk & Storage Management
Partitioning basics (fdisk, parted)
Filesystem creation and management (mkfs, tune2fs, fsck)
Mounting and automount (mount, /etc/fstab, systemd-mount)
Swap management (creation, enabling, disabling)
LVM (Logical Volume Manager) basics and resizing
Disk quota management for users/groups

Hands-on Lab: Create partitions, configure LVM, test quota enforcement

Day 3 – Network Management
Network configuration in Debian (/etc/network/interfaces, systemd-networkd, NetworkManager)
IP addressing, routes, gateways, DNS
Testing and troubleshooting (ping, traceroute, ss, netstat, tcpdump)
Configuring firewall (UFW, nftables)
SSH configuration and hardening
Hands-on Lab: Configure static/dynamic IP, firewall rules, secure SSH
Day 4 – Patching & OS Upgrades
Package management using APT (apt, apt-get, dpkg)
Repository management (sources.list, adding/removing repos)
Applying security patches and updates
Kernel updates and rollbacks
Automating updates with unattended-upgrades
OS upgrade process (e.g., Debian 11 → 12)
Hands-on Lab: Patch system, configure unattended-upgrades, simulate version upgrade

Day 5 – Scripting & Automation
Shell scripting fundamentals (Bash basics, variables, conditionals, loops)
Writing reusable administration scripts
Task automation (backups, log rotation, monitoring scripts)
Introduction to cron jobs and systemd timers
Error handling and logging in scripts
Capstone Lab: Write a script to automate system health checks & patch reporting

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Wednesday, August 27, 2025

Ubuntu 20.04 Software

1.#apt install transmission # Transmission

2.https://subhra74.github.io/xdm/#downloads # Xtreme downloader

3.#apt install ultracopier #Ultracopier

4.#apt install gnome-tweak-tool #Gnome tweaks

5.#apt install gnome-chess #Gnome-chess

6.PlayonLinux

apt install wine64

apt install winetricks

apt install playonlinux

WINEPREFIX=~/.wine/office2013 WINEARCH=win32 winecfg

cd /home/pna/.wine/

WINEPREFIX=~/.wine/office2013 WINEARCH=win32 winetricks

WINEPREFIX=~/.wine/office2013 WINEARCH=win32 winetricks msxml6

WINEPREFIX=~/.wine/office2013 WINEARCH=win32 wine filename.exe

7.KVM Refer https://linuxconfig.org/install-and-set-up-kvm-on-ubuntu-20-04-focal-fossa-linux

#apt install qemu-kvm libvirt-clients libvirt-daemon-system bridge-utils virt-manager

#ip a #note down the LAN interface

#vim /etc/network/interfaces

auto br0

iface enp0s3 inet manual

iface br0 inet dhcp

bridge_ports enp0s3

:wq - save the file

#adduser pna libvirt

#adduser pna libvirt-qemu

8.#apt install audacity - Audacity

9.#apt install vim - vim

10.Tor browser

#apt install torbrowser-launcher

#torbrowser-launcher

11.Libre office (Download the latest package and run dpkg -i *.deb)

12.VLC Refer: https://linuxconfig.org/ubuntu-20-04-vlc-installation

sudo apt install vlc

sudo apt install vlc-plugin-access-extra libbluray-bdj libdvdcss2

vlc

13.Google Chrome

sudo apt install gdebi-core wget

wget https://dl.google.com/linux/direct/google-chrome-stable_current_amd64.deb

sudo gdebi google-chrome-stable_current_amd64.deb

google-chrome

14.#apt install terminator - Terminator

15.mouse server # remote from phone

16.#apt install pinta # Image editor

17.#apt install kdenlive # Kdenlive - Videoeditor

18.#apt-get install lmms # Musicsoftware

19.#apt install testdisk #Testdisk

20.#apt-get install ansible -y

21.#apt install usb-creator-gtk #Ubuntu startup disk

22.#apt install devede #Devede writer

23.#apt install brasero #brasero

24. Works only vob format

apt install pv

pv *.VOB > output.vob

25.#apt install blender #Blender-3d editor

26.#apt install gimp #Gimp Imageeditor

27.#apt-get install ffmpeg

ffmpeg -f concat -safe 0 -i mylist.txt -c copy output.mp4

28.#apt install pulseaudio-equalizer

apt install pavucontrol

29.#apt install soundconverter

30.Putty configuration / Termius from Ubuntu Software

31.#apt install docker.io

systemctl enable --now docker

usermod -aG docker pna

docker --version

32.sudo apt install chrome-gnome-shell

33.Cubic installation for remastersys ubuntu

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:cubic-wizard/release

sudo apt update

sudo apt install cubic

apt install syslinux-utils

isohybrid /path/to/custom_iso.iso

34.apt-get install plank #dock for ubuntu

35.apt install squashfs-tools

http://www.linux-live.org/ - Download

#cd /tmp

#build

------------------------

8.Virtualbox / 9.VMware15 pro - CU7J2-4KG8J-489TY-X6XGX-MAUX2

11.Openshot Videoeditor

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:openshot.developers/ppa

sudo apt update

sudo apt install openshot-qt

15.screen recorder - Ctrl+Alt+Shift+R to start or stop recording.

screenshot

sudo apt-add-repository ppa:sylvain-pineau/kazam

sudo apt update

sudo apt install kazam

sudo apt upgrade

24.Enable hibernate

pm-hibernate

$ sudo -i

$ cd /var/lib/polkit-1/localauthority/50-local.d/

$ gedit com.ubuntu.enable-hibernate.pkla

[Re-enable hibernate by default in upower]

Identity=unix-user:*

Action=org.freedesktop.upower.hibernate

ResultActive=yes

[Re-enable hibernate by default in logind]

Identity=unix-user:*

Action=org.freedesktop.login1.hibernate

ResultActive=yes

26.wget -O nero-64bit.deb http://drive.noobslab.com/data/apps/nero/nerolinux-4.0.0.0b-x86_64.deb

dpkg -i nerolinux

nero linux: 9M1K-0098-P3HL-PK6P-T6UA-1E5X-E557-8X41

30. zip -re output_file.zip file1 folder1

31. rm /var/lib/dpkg/lock-frontend

32. apt install cockpit

33. apt install nodejs

34. apt install screenfetch

35. apt install winbind cabextract (msxml6)

36. apt-get -y install python3-pip

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Lite Lite 6.x

-Remove Thunderbird

apt remove thunderbird

-Remove libreoffice

sudo apt-get remove --purge libreoffice*

sudo apt-get clean

sudo apt-get autoremove

-Libreoffice latest

Download latest package from Libreoffice, extract the deb packages

https://www.libreoffice.org/download/download-libreoffice/

dpkg -i *.deb

-xdm Downloader setup

https://xtremedownloadmanager.com/#downloads

-Download the atom deb package from the portal

dpkg -i atom*.deb

apt install -f

-Deluge

apt install deluge

-Playon Linux

apt install playonlinux

-Virtualbox

Download latest from

https://www.virtualbox.org/wiki/Linux_Downloads

apt install virtualbox

apt install -f

-Install testdisk for file recovery software

apt install testdisk

-Python3 pip

apt install python3-pip

-Remove orphan packages

sudo apt-get install deborphan

deborphan

-Install neofetch

apt install neofetch

-Install mouse server

dpkg -i mouseserver

-Screen recorder with voice

apt install obs-studio

-PDF manipulations

https://download.qoppa.com/pdfstudio/PDFStudio_linux64.sh

chmod +x PDFStudio_linux64.sh

./PDFStudio_linux64.sh

-PDF Sam

https://github.com/torakiki/pdfsam/releases/download/v5.0.3/pdfsam-5.0.3-linux.tar.gz

-View DNS cache

killall -USR1 systemd-resolved && journalctl -u systemd-resolved | grep -A 100000 "CACHE:"

-Handbrake

apt install handbrake

-Check EFI mode or not

[ -d /sys/firmware/efi ] && echo "Currently in EFI mode" || echo "Currently in Legacy mode"

-Install snap & msteams

apt install snapd

snap install teams-for-linux

-Uninstall snap & msteams

snap remove teams-for-linux

apt remove snapd

-To install pinta image editor

apt install pinta #

-To remove softmake

dpkg -l | grep softmake*

apt remove freeoffice

-Installing mspaint

apt-get install mypaint

-Systemback

sudo sh -c 'echo "deb [arch=amd64] http://mirrors.bwbot.org/ stable main" > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/systemback.list'

sudo apt-key adv --keyserver 'hkp://keyserver.ubuntu.com:80' --recv-key 50B2C005A67B264F

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get install systemback

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Tuesday, August 26, 2025

Ubuntu 22.04.2 installation

-Libreoffice latest

Download latest package from Libreoffice, extract the deb packages

https://www.libreoffice.org/download/download-libreoffice/

dpkg -i *.deb

-xdm Downloader setup

https://xtremedownloadmanager.com/#downloads

-vlc player

apt install vlc

-Deluge Torrent

apt install deluge

-Download the atom deb package from the portal

dpkg -i atom*.deb

apt install -f

-playonlinux wine frontend Software

apt install playonlinux - Remove this from budgie, if it fails.

2013 Office installation test - Did not support office 2016 yet

-Virtualbox

Download latest from

https://www.virtualbox.org/wiki/Linux_Downloads

apt install virtualbox

apt install -f

usermod -a -G vboxusers $USER

groups $USER

-Audio editor

apt install audacity

-shotcut video editor

snap install shotcut --classic

-Install testdisk for file recovery software

apt install testdisk

-Install pip3

apt install python3-pip

-Remove orphan packages

sudo apt-get install deborphan

deborphan

-Install neofetch

apt install neofetch

-Install mouse server

dpkg -i mouseserver

-screen recorder with voice

apt install ffmpeg obs-studio

-pdf manipulations

https://download.qoppa.com/pdfstudio/PDFStudio_linux64.sh

chmod +x PDFStudio_linux64.sh

./PDFStudio_linux64.sh

PDF Sam

https://github.com/torakiki/pdfsam/releases/download/v5.0.3/pdfsam-5.0.3-linux.tar.gz

-Teams

snap install teams-for-linux

-To get Ubuntu Pro registration

pro attach C133FpxefEMfKC5paZMsVfzFqQUx1q

-Command to find out IP address and DNS entries

ip a

ifconfig -a

resolvectl status | grep -i current

-Docker

apt install apt-transport-https curl gnupg-agent ca-certificates software-properties-common -y

curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo apt-key add -

add-apt-repository "deb [arch=amd64] https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu focal stable"

apt install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io -y

usermod -aG docker $USER

newgrp docker

docker version

systemctl status docker

systemctl start docker

systemctl enable docker

systemctl restart docker

docker run hello-world

docker images

docker ps -a

- KVM installation

sudo apt install -y cpu-checker

sudo apt install -y qemu-kvm virt-manager libvirt-daemon-system virtinst libvirt-clients bridge-utils

apt install qemu-system

- Mypaint installation

apt-get install mypaint- Mypaint installation

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Things has to be done after installing RHEL 9

-Cockpit Enablement
systemctl enable --now cockpit.socket
-RedHat 9.x
subscription check: https://access.redhat.com/management
subscription-manager register
username/password
subscription-manager status
subscription-manager list --consumed
subscription-manager repos --list
dnf update
-Set Hostname
hostnamectl set-hostname porulagam.redhat
-Unregister and reregister
sudo subscription-manager remove --all
sudo subscription-manager unregister
sudo subscription-manager clean
sudo subscription-manager register
sudo subscription-manager refresh
sudo subscription-manager attach --auto
-Xtreme Download Manager
Download from internet and run the install.sh script
-Gnome-tweaks
dnf install gnome-tweaks
-Ansible
dnf install ansible-core
-Virtualbox
Download the rpm from https://www.virtualbox.org/wiki/Linux_Downloads
dnf install *.rpm
usermod -a -G vboxusers $USER
groups $USER
#systemctl status vboxdrv
-Kernel related modules for virtualbox
dnf install make time perl gcc dkms kernel-devel kernel-headers
/sbin/vboxconfig
-Libre Office Latest
Download the latest office from https://www.libreoffice.org/download/download/
Extract the compressed file
dnf install *.rpm
-Libre Office uninstallaion
dnf remove libreoffice*
dnf clean all
-VLC
sudo dnf install https://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/epel-release-latest-8.noarch.rpm
sudo dnf upgrade
sudo rpm -ivh https://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm
sudo subscription-manager repos --enable "rhel-*-optional-rpms" --enable "rhel-*-extras-rpms"
sudo yum update
sudo yum install snapd
sudo systemctl enable --now snapd.socket
sudo ln -s /var/lib/snapd/snap /snap
sudo snap install vlc
-Remove Totem player
dnf remove totem
-Grub update and scan other installed OSes
grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/grub2/grub.cfg
-To repair the corrupted xfs partition
Run the below command in the rescue mode
xfs_repair -v -L /dev/dm-0
-VS Codium Installation
Download the latest rpm package from this link
https://github.com/VSCodium/vscodium/releases
yum localinstall codium-1.84.2.23319-el7.x86_64.rpm
-To disable selinux fully
grubby --update-kernel ALL --args selinux=0
-To back to enable
grubby --update-kernel ALL --remove-args selinux