You
attempt to use shadow passwords but are unsuccessful. What
characteristic of the /etc/passwd file may cause this? Choose one: a.
The login command is missing. b. The username is too long. c. The
password field is blank. d. The password field is prefaced by an
asterick.
You
create a new user account by adding the following line to your
/etc/passwd file. bobm:baddog:501:501:Bob Morris:/home/bobm:/bin/bash
Bob calls you and tells you that he cannot logon. You verify that he
is using the correct username and password. What is the problem?
Choose one: a. The UID and GID cannot be identical. b. You cannot
have spaces in the line unless they are surrounded with double
quotes. c. You cannot directly enter the password; rather you have to
use the passwd command to assign a password to the user. d. The
username is too short, it must be at least six characters long.
Which
of the following tasks is not necessary when creating a new user by
editing the /etc/passwd file? Choose one: a. Create a link from the
user’s home directory to the shell the user will use. b. Create the
user’s home directory c. Use the passwd command to assign a
password to the account. d. Add the user to the specified group.
You
create a new user by adding the following line to the /etc/passwd
file bobm::501:501:Bob Morris:/home/bobm:/bin/bash You then create
the user’s home directory and use the passwd command to set his
password. However, the user calls you and says that he cannot log on.
What is the problem? Choose one: a. The user did not change his
password. b. bobm does not have permission to /home/bobm. c. The user
did not type his username in all caps. d. You cannot leave the
password field blank when creating a new user.
When
using useradd to create a new user account, which of the following
tasks is not done automatically. Choose one: a. Assign a UID. b.
Assign a default shell. c. Create the user’s home directory. d.
Define the user’s home directory.
You
issue the following command useradd -m bobm But the user cannot
logon. What is the problem? Choose one: a. You need to assign a
password to bobm’s account using the passwd command. b. You need to
create bobm’s home directory and set the appropriate permissions.
c. You need to edit the /etc/passwd file and assign a shell for
bobm’s account. d. The username must be at least five characters
long.
You
have created special configuration files that you want copied to each
user’s home directories when creating new user accounts. You copy
the files to /etc/skel. Which of the following commands will make
this happen? Choose one: a. useradd -m username b. useradd -mk
username c. useradd -k username d. useradd -Dk username
Mary
has recently gotten married and wants to change her username from
mstone to mknight. Which of the following commands should you run to
accomplish this? Choose one: a. usermod -l mknight mstone b. usermod
-l mstone mknight c. usermod -u mknight mstone d. usermod -u mstone
mknight
After
bob leaves the company you issue the command userdel bob. Although
his entry in the /etc/passwd file has been deleted, his home
directory is still there. What command could you have used to make
sure that his home directory was also deleted? Choose one: a. userdel
-m bob b. userdel -u bob c. userdel -l bob d. userdel -r bob
All
groups are defined in the /etc/group file. Each entry contains four
fields in the following order. Choose one: a. groupname, password,
GID, member list b. GID, groupname, password, member list c.
groupname, GID, password, member list d. GID, member list, groupname,
password
You
need to create a new group called sales with Bob, Mary and Joe as
members. Which of the following would accomplish this? Choose one: a.
Add the following line to the /etc/group file: sales:44:bob,mary,joe
b. Issue the command groupadd sales. c. Issue the command groupadd -a
sales bob,mary,joe d. Add the following line to the /etc/group file:
sales::44:bob,mary,joe
What
command is used to remove the password assigned to a group?
You
changed the GID of the sales group by editing the /etc/group file.
All of the members can change to the group without any problem except
for Joe. He cannot even login to the system. What is the problem?
Choose one: a. Joe forgot the password for the group. b. You need to
add Joe to the group again. c. Joe had the original GID specified as
his default group in the /etc/passwd file. d. You need to delete
Joe’s account and recreate it.
You
need to delete the group dataproject. Which two of the following
tasks should you do first before deleting the group? A. Check the
/etc/passwd file to make sure no one has this group as his default
group. B. Change the members of the dataproject group to another
group besides users. C. Make sure that the members listed in the
/etc/group file are given new login names. D. Verify that no file or
directory has this group listed as its owner. Choose one: a. A and C
b. A and D c. B and C d. B and D
When
you look at the /etc/group file you see the group kmem listed. Since
it does not own any files and no one is using it as a default group,
can you delete this group?
When
looking at the /etc/passwd file, you notice that all the password
fields contain ‘x’. What does this mean? Choose one: a. That the
password is encrypted. b. That you are using shadow passwords. c.
That all passwords are blank. d. That all passwords have expired.
In
order to improve your system’s security
you decide to implement shadow passwords. What command should you
use?
What
file contains the default environment variables when using the bash
shell? Choose one: a. ~/.profile b. /bash c. /etc/profile d. ~/bash
You
have created a subdirectory of your home directory containing your
scripts. Since you use the bash shell, what file would you edit to
put this directory on your path? Choose one: a. ~/.profile b.
/etc/profile c. /etc/bash d. ~/.bash
Which
of the following interprets your actions when typing at the command
line for the operating system? Choose One a. Utility b. Application
c. Shell d. Command
What
can you type at a command line to determine which shell you are
using?
You
want to enter a series of commands from the command-line. What would
be the quickest way to do this? Choose One a. Press enter after
entering each command and its arguments b. Put them in a script and
execute the script c. Separate each command with a semi-colon (;) and
press enter after the last command d. Separate each command with a /
and press enter after the last command
You
are entering a long, complex command line and you reach the right
side of your screen before you have finished typing. You want to
finish typing the necessary commands but have the display wrap around
to the left. Which of the following key combinations would achieve
this? Choose One a. Esc, /, Enter b. /, Enter c. ctrl-d, enter d.
esc, /, ctrl-d
After
typing in a new command and pressing enter, you receive an error
message indicating incorrect syntax. This error message originated
from.. Choose one a. The shell b. The operating system c. The command
d. The kernel
When
typing at the command line, the default editor is the _____________
library.
You
typed the following at the command line ls -al /home/ hadden. What
key strokes would you enter to remove the space between the ‘/’
and ‘hadden’ without having to retype the entire line? Choose one
a. Ctrl-B ,
Del b.
Esc-b ,
Del c.
Esc-Del ,
Del d.
Ctrl-b ,
Del
You
would like to temporarily change your command line editor to be vi.
What command should you type to change it?
After
experimenting with vi as your command line editor, you decide that
you want to have vi your default editor every time you log in. What
would be the appropriate way to do this? Choose one a. Change the
/etc/inputrc file b. Change the /etc/profile file c. Change the
~/.inputrc file d. Change the ~/.profile file
You
have to type your name and title frequently throughout the day and
would like to decrease the number of key strokes you use to type
this. Which one of your configuration files would you edit to bind
this information to one of the function keys?
In
your present working directory, you have the files maryletter memo1
MyTelephoneandAddressBook What is the fewest number of keys you can
type to open the file MyTelephoneandAddressBook with vi? Choose one
a. 6 b. 28 c. 25 d. 4
A
variable that you can name and assign a value to is called a
_____________ variable.
You
have installed a new application but when you type in the command to
start it you get the error message Command not found. What do you
need to do to fix this problem? Choose one a. Add the directory
containing the application to your path b. Specify the directory’s
name whenever you run the application c. Verify that the execute
permission has been applied to the command. d. Give everyone read,
write and execute permission to the application’s directory.
You
telnet
into several of your servers
simultaneously. During the day, you sometimes get confused as to
which telnet session is connected to which server. Which of the
following commands in your .profile file would make it obvious to
which server you are attached? Choose one a. PS1=’\h: \w>’ b.
PS1=’\s: \W>’ c. PS1=’\!: \t>’ d. PS1=’\a: \n>’
Which
of the following environment variables determines your working
directory at the completion of a successful login? Choose one a. HOME
b. BASH_ENV c. PWD d. BLENDERDIR
Every
time you attempt to delete a file using the rm utility, the operating
system prompts you for confirmation. You know that this is not the
customary behavior for the rm command. What is wrong? Choose one a.
rm has been aliased as rm -i b. The version of rm installed on your
system is incorrect. c. This is the normal behavior of the newest
version of rm. d. There is an incorrect link on your system.
You
are running out of space in your home directory. While looking for
files to delete or compress you find a large file called
.bash_history and delete it. A few days later, it is back and as
large as before. What do you need to do to ensure that its size is
smaller? Choose one a. Set the HISTFILESIZE variable to a smaller
number. b. Set the HISTSIZE to a smaller number. c. Set the
NOHISTFILE variable to true. d. Set the HISTAPPEND variable to true.
In
order to display the last five commands you have entered using the
history command, you would type ___________.
In
order to display the last five commands you have entered using the fc
command, you would type ___________.
You
previously ran the find command to locate a particular file. You want
to run that command again. What would be the quickest way to do this?
Choose one a. fc -l find fc n b. history -l find history n c. Retype
the command d. fc -n find
Using
command substitution, how would you display the value of the present
working directory? Choose one a. echo $(pwd) b. echo pwd c. $pwd d.
pwd | echo
You
need to search the entire directory structure to locate a specific
file. How could you do this and still be able to run other commands
while the find command is still searching for your file? Choose one
a. find / -name filename & b. find / -name filename c. bg find /
-name filename d. &find / -name filename &
In
order to create a file called DirContents containing the contents of
the /etc directory you would type ____________.
What
would be displayed as the result of issuing the command ps ef? Choose
one a. A listing of the user’s running processes formatted as a
tree. b. A listing of the stopped processes c. A listing of all the
running processes formatted as a tree. d. A listing of all system
processes formatted as a tree.
What
utility can you use to show a dynamic listing of running processes?
__________
The
top utility can be used to change the priority of a running process?
Another utility that can also be used to change priority is
___________?
What
key combination can you press to suspend a running job and place it
in the background?
You
issue the command jobs and receive the following output: [1]- Stopped
(tty output) pine [2]+ Stopped (tty output) MyScript How would you
bring the MyScript process to the foreground? Choose one: a. fg %2 b.
ctrl-c c. fg MyScript d. ctrl-z
You
enter the command cat MyFile | sort > DirList & and the
operating system displays [4] 3499 What does this mean? Choose one a.
This is job number 4 and the PID of the sort command is 3499. b. This
is job number 4 and the PID of the job is 3499. c. This is job number
3499 and the PID of the cat command is 4. d. This is job number 4 and
the PID of the cat command is 3499.
You
attempt to log out but receive an error message that you cannot. When
you issue the jobs command, you see a process that is running in the
background. How can you fix this so that you can logout? Choose one
a. Issue the kill command with the PID of each running command of the
pipeline as an argument. b. Issue the kill command with the job
number as an argument. c. Issue the kill command with the PID of the
last command as an argument. d. Issue the kill command without any
arguments.
You
have been given the job of administering a new server. It houses a
database
used by the sales people. This information is changed frequently and
is not duplicated anywhere else. What should you do to ensure that
this information is not lost? Choose one a. Create a backup strategy
that includes backing up this information at least daily. b. Prepare
a proposal to purchase a backup server c. Recommend that the server
be made part of a cluster. d. Install an additional hard drive in the
server.
When
planning your backup strategy you need to consider how often you will
perform a backup, how much time the backup takes and what media you
will use. What other factor must you consider when planning your
backup strategy? _________
Many
factors are taken into account when planning a backup strategy. The
one most important one is how often does the file ____________.
Which
one of the following factors does not play a role in choosing the
type of backup media to use? Choose one: a. How frequently a file
changes b. How long you need to retain the backup c. How much data
needs to be backed up d. How frequently the backed up data needs to
be accessed
When
you only back up one partition, this is called a ______ backup.
Choose one a. Differential b. Full c. Partial d. Copy
When
you back up only the files that have changed since the last backup,
this is called a ______ backup. Choose one a. Partial b. Differential
c. Full d. Copy
The
easiest, most basic form of backing up a file is to _____ it to
another location.
When
is the most important time to restore a file from your backup? Choose
one a. On a regular scheduled basis to verify that the data is
available. b. When the system crashes. c. When a user inadvertently
loses a file. d. When your boss asks to see how restoring a file
works.
As
a system
administrator,
you are instructed to backup all the users’ home directories. Which
of the following commands would accomplish this? Choose one a. tar rf
usersbkup home/* b. tar cf usersbkup home/* c. tar cbf usersbkup
home/* d. tar rvf usersbkup home/*
What
is wrong with the following command? tar cvfb / /dev/tape 20 Choose
one a. You cannot use the c option with the b option. b. The correct
line should be tar -cvfb / /dev/tape20. c. The arguments are not in
the same order as the corresponding modifiers. d. The files to be
backed up have not been specified.
You
need to view the contents of the tarfile called MyBackup.tar. What
command would you use? __________
After
creating a backup of the users’ home directories called backup.cpio
you are asked to restore a file called memo.ben. What command should
you type?
You
want to create a compressed backup of the users’ home directories
so you issue the command gzip /home/* backup.gz but it fails. The
reason that it failed is that gzip will only compress one _______ at
a time.
You
want to create a compressed backup of the users’ home directories.
What utility should you use?
You
routinely compress old log files. You now need to examine a log from
two months ago. In order to view its contents without first having to
decompress it, use the _________ utility.
Which
two utilities can you use to set up a job to run at a specified time?
Choose one: a. at and crond b. atrun and crontab c. at and crontab d.
atd and crond
You
have written a script called usrs to parse the passwd file and create
a list of usernames. You want to have this run at 5 am
tomorrow
so you can see the results when you get to work. Which of the
following commands will work? Choose one: a. at 5:00
wed
usrs b. at 5:00 wed
-b usrs c. at 5:00 wed
-l usrs d. at 5:00 wed
-d usrs
Several
of your users have been scheduling large at jobs to run during peak
load times. How can you prevent anyone from scheduling an at job?
Choose one: a. delete the file /etc/at.deny b. create an empty file
called /etc/at.deny c. create two empty files: /etc/at.deny and
/etc/at.allow file d. create an empty file called /etc/at.allow
How
can you determine who has scheduled at jobs? Choose one: a. at -l b.
at -q c. at -d d. atwho
When
defining a cronjob, there are five fields used to specify when the
job will run. What are these fields and what is the correct order?
Choose one: a. minute, hour, day of week, day of month, month b.
minute, hour, month, day of month, day of week c. minute, hour, day
of month, month, day of week d. hour, minute, day of month, month,
day of week
You
have entered the following cronjob. When will it run? 15 * * * 1,3,5
myscript Choose one: a. at 15 minutes after every hour on the 1st,
3rd and 5th of each month. b. at 1:15 am ,
3:15 am, and 5:15 am every
day c. at 3:00 pm on
the 1st, 3rd, and 5th of each month d. at 15 minutes after every hour
every Monday, Wednesday, and Friday
As
the system administrator you need to review Bob’s cronjobs. What
command would you use? Choose one: a. crontab -lu bob b. crontab -u
bob c. crontab -l d. cronq -lu bob
In
order to schedule a cronjob, the first task is to create a text file
containing the jobs to be run along with the time they are to run.
Which of the following commands will run the script MyScript every
day at 11:45 pm ?
Choose one: a. * 23 45 * * MyScript b. 23 45 * * * MyScript c. 45 23
* * * MyScript d. * * * 23 45 MyScript
Which
daemon must be running in order to have any scheduled jobs run as
scheduled? Choose one: a. crond b. atd c. atrun d. crontab
You
want to ensure that your system is not overloaded with users running
multiple scheduled jobs. A policy has been established that only the
system administrators can create any scheduled jobs. It is your job
to implement this policy. How are you going to do this? Choose one:
a. create an empty file called /etc/cron.deny b. create a file called
/etc/cron.allow which contains the names of those allowed to schedule
jobs. c. create a file called /etc/cron.deny containing all regular
usernames. d. create two empty files called /etc/cron.allow and
/etc/cron.deny
You
notice that your server load is exceptionally high during the hours
of 10 am to
2 noon .
When investigating the cause, you suspect that it may be a cron job
scheduled by one of your users. What command can you use to determine
if your suspicions are correct? Choose one: a. crontab -u b. crond -u
c. crontab -l d. crond -l
One
of your users, Bob, has created a script to reindex his database. Now
he has it scheduled to run every day at 10:30 am .
What command should you use to delete this job. Choose one: a.
crontab -ru bob b. crontab -u bob c. crontab -du bob d. crontab -lu
bob
What
daemon is responsible for tracking events on your system?
What
is the name and path of the default configuration file used by the
syslogd daemon?
You
have made changes to the /etc/syslog.conf file. Which of the
following commands will cause these changes to be implemented without
having to reboot your computer? Choose one: a. kill SIGHINT `cat
/var/run/syslogd.pid` b. kill SIGHUP `cat /var/run/syslogd.pid` c.
kill SIGHUP syslogd d. kill SIGHINT syslogd
Which
of the following lines in your /etc/syslog.conf file will cause all
critical messages to be logged to the file /var/log/critmessages?
Choose one: a. *.=crit /var/log/critmessages b. *crit
/var/log/critmessages c. *=crit /var/log/critmessages d. *.crit
/var/log/critmessages
You
wish to have all mail messages except those of type info to the
/var/log/mailmessages file. Which of the following lines in your
/etc/syslogd.conf file would accomplish this? Choose one: a.
mail.*;mail!=info /var/log/mailmessages b. mail.*;mail.=info
/var/log/mailmessages c. mail.*;mail.info /var/log/mailmessages d.
mail.*;mail.!=info /var/log/mailmessages
What
is the name and path of the main system log?
Which
log contains information on currently logged in users? Choose one: a.
/var/log/utmp b. /var/log/wtmp c. /var/log/lastlog d.
/var/log/messages
You
have been assigned the task of determining if there are any user
accounts defined on your system that have not been used during the
last three months. Which log file should you examine to determine
this information? Choose one: a. /var/log/wtmp b. /var/log/lastlog c.
/var/log/utmp d. /var/log/messages
You
have been told to configure a method of rotating log files on your
system. Which of the following factors do you not need to consider?
Choose one: a. date and time of messages b. log size c. frequency of
rotation d. amount of available disk space
What
utility can you use to automate rotation of logs?
You
wish to rotate all your logs weekly except for the /var/log/wtmp log
which you wish to rotate monthly. How could you accomplish this.
Choose one: a. Assign a global option to rotate all logs weekly and a
local option to rotate the /var/log/wtmp log monthly. b. Assign a
local option to rotate all logs weekly and a global option to rotate
the /var/log/wtmp log monthly. c. Move the /var/log/wtmp log to a
different directory. Run logrotate against the new location. d.
Configure logrotate to not rotate the /var/log/wtmp log. Rotate it
manually every month.
You
have configured logrotate to rotate your logs weekly and keep them
for eight weeks. You are running our of disk space. What should you
do? Choose one: a. Quit using logrotate and manually save old logs to
another location. b. Reconfigure logrotate to only save logs for four
weeks. c. Configure logrotate to save old files to another location.
d. Use the prerotate command to run a script to move the older logs
to another location.
What
command can you use to review boot messages?
What
file defines the levels of messages written to system log files?
What
account is created when you install Linux?
While
logged on as a regular user, your boss calls up and wants you to
create a new user account immediately. How can you do this without
first having to close your work, log off and logon as root? Choose
one: a. Issue the command rootlog. b. Issue the command su and type
exit when finished. c. Issue the command su and type logoff when
finished. d. Issue the command logon root and type exit when
finished.
Which
file defines all users on your system? Choose one: a. /etc/passwd b.
/etc/users c. /etc/password d. /etc/user.conf
There
are seven fields in the /etc/passwd file. Which of the following
lists all the fields in the correct order? Choose one: a. username,
UID, GID, home directory, command, comment b. username, UID, GID,
comment, home directory, command c. UID, username, GID, home
directory, comment, command d. username, UID, group name, GID, home
directory, comment
Which
of the following user names is invalid? Choose one: a. Theresa Hadden
b. thadden c. TheresaH d. T.H.
In
order to prevent a user from logging in, you can add a(n) ________at
the beginning of the password field.
The
beginning user identifier is defined in the _________ file.
Which
field is used to define the user’s default shell?
Bob
Armstrong, who has a username of boba, calls to tell you he forgot
his password. What command should you use to reset his command?
Your
company has implemented a policy that users’ passwords must be
reset every ninety days. Since you have over 100 users you created a
file with each username and the new password. How are you going to
change the old passwords to the new ones? Choose one: a. Use the
chpasswd command along with the name of the file containing the new
passwords. b. Use the passwd command with the -f option and the name
of the file containing the new passwords. c. Open the /etc/passwd
file in a text editor and manually change each password. d. Use the
passwd command with the -u option.
